This TC Note and podcast provide practical guidance for supervisors in emerging economies on policyholder protection in the face of rising climate-related risks and the evolving links between catastrophes and insurer failure.

In this podcast episode the Chair of Toronto Centre's Securities Advisory Board and the Chair of the Canadian Taxonomy and Transition Planning Council discuss Canada’s proposed framework, the importance of international alignment and cross-border collaboration, the role of the taxonomy in mobilizing investment and supporting climate-related risk oversight, and the role of financial regulators and supervisors.

This TC Note was inspired by a previous Toronto Centre virtual executive panel Supervisory Independence: Principles, Practice, and Policy Trade-offs. It discusses six aspects of the independence of supervisory authorities.

This panel discussion focused on how institutions and regulators can strengthen resilience, enhance cross-border coordination, and prepare for a future in which emerging technologies, cyber conflict, ransomware, and financial crime increasingly intersect. 

This TC Note makes proposals for supervisory effectiveness and, where consistent with more effective supervision, the simplification of supervisory methodologies and processes.

Using practical examples from the Dominican Republic, Ghana, Nepal, and Tunisia, the Note provides insights and guidance on how to effectively supervise non-bank lenders.

A financial institution's supplementary documents provide supervisors with valuable insights into risk. Understanding how to use these documents effectively is essential to improving risk-based supervisory practices.

In celebration of Canada’s International Development Week, Toronto Centre hosted a virtual executive panel on building financial resilience exploring insights from the World Bank’s Global Findex 2025 survey.

This edition of Toronto Centre podcast introduces the Global Findex Digital Connectivity Tracker, which illustrates how mobile phones and internet access are advancing financial inclusion.

This Toronto Centre Note aims to guide financial sector supervisors whose responsibilities include the supervision of companies licensed or authorized to operate and provide retail payment services (RPS) to perform risk-based supervision.